Thursday, March 18, 2010

Rains, floods and reservoirs

It rains in Spain for weeks. In January he has gathered a 95 liters average for square meter, which can seem modest but it is more 45 % of the average 1970-2000. This average also secret the changeability on the territory because an excellent percentage of the same one has received more of the double of the average while in some areas as Catalonia and Gallicia it has rained between 50 and 75 % of the normal thing.
The consequences have been good and bad. On the last ones it is necessary to mention wide areas flooded in the South, with serious damages in the properties although without fortunately without deaths. And I say "fortunately" with intention because in Spain it has been ignored that the rivers grow occasionally and has been construído in "area inundable" for decades. Mysteries of the current town planning, I suppose.
The good consequences are that with these rains an irregular period closes, with ups and downs, but during which the reservations in the reservoirs were diminishing little by little, including alarms of shortage as that of Barcelona of three or four years ago.

This image proves to be a part of the reservoir of Orellana, in Extremadura (Spain). The deep waters turn out to be black, the shallow ones in green, the vegetation in red and the areas without her in blue. To pulsate above to extend.
In Extremadura there are the biggest reservoirs of Spain, dedicated to irrigation, water supply in the population and hydroelectric generation. The maximum capacity of the system is 7723 cubic hectometers, of which 3219 correspond to the reservoir of La Serena and 1505 to that of García Sola. In whole there are 20 reservoirs with capacities between the mentioned ones earlier and 3.3 hm3 of Cornalbo, of which the wall of Roman origin survives.
These days a few friends are sending to me the water quantities that are entering all of them, information that interest sound created. It is necessary to remember that after a drought period, the first rains remain retained in the soil that, if the precipitations persist can go so far as to be saturated. The water arrival to the reservoirs is carried out by a days inertia, so much to the beginning as in the end. Now we are in a saturation situation and probably everything what rains ends up by coming to the glasses. This way it is explained that, from one day to other, the quantity of dammed water should grow about 2 % in the big sisremas since the minors are already to 100 % or more. And already, finally, the information.
In the first column they have the names and in the second one the maximum capacity in hm3. Next the occupancy rates are in only two dates (tomorrow I will put a more finished table to them). It be fixed that in the first of October Cíjara was only to 25 % while today it overcomes 95 %.
RESERVOIRS CMAX 10/1/2009 2/25/2010 E2-01 Cijara 1505.2 E2-03 Garcia Sola 554.2 E2-04 Orellana 807.9 the Entire Guadiana: 2867.3 38.0 94.7 E2-06 La Serena 3219.2 E2-07 Zujar 301.9 Entire Zujar: 3521.1 39.4 77.4 E2-08 Cancho Fresno 15.2 52.5 101.2 E2-09 Distaff 41.9 E2-11 Brave Saw 232.4 E2-12 Gargaligas 21.3 E2-13 Enclosure Entire 6.0 Distaffs: 316.9 51.5 101.0 E2-15 Mill 33.7 E2-16 Alange 851.7 Entire Matachel: 885.4 23.3 56.7 E2-20 Hornotejero 24.4 E2-21 Anchovy 5.5 E2-22 Rocky place 25.9 Whole Lácara: 55.8 54.4 109.3 E2-17 Cornalbo 3.1 E2-18 Proserpina 5.0 E2-19 Montijo 11.2 E2-24 Villar_del_Rey 130.0 50.2 96.1 E2-28 Tentudía 5.0 TOTAL GENERAL: 7723.5 37.8 82.8
The balance is that from 38 % general less than 5 months ago we have come to 83 % today which guarantees the supplying for at least three years. Except in Alange, which is still low, the rest of big preys begins to relieve like preventive measurement therefore it will not be easy that they fill much more. The minors already liberate water for days because they are full.
Update on March 1: the reservoirs of the Guadiana and of the system Lácara must be relieving since they have lowered from 94.7 89.9 in in the first case and from 109.3 to 105.5 in the second one. Alange has raised 3 % although the reservoir keeps on being the lowest of the set.

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